railway track gauge

1 The importance of the lowering value of the tongue rail and the side grinding
The reasonable lowering value of the switch rail is to protect the section of the switch rail below 20mm from being crushed, and to realize the smooth transition of the load between the switch rail and the basic rail. If the drop value of the switch rail is too large, the probability of the wheels climbing on the switch rail will be greatly increased, which will endanger the driving safety. Secondly, it will cause a bad relationship between the wheel and the rail, resulting in a difference in wheel diameter, causing the train to swing in a serpentine shape, and causing the side wear of the switch rail; If the reduction value is too small, the point rail is likely to be deformed and crushed, which will cause peeling off blocks and horizontal cracks, which will bring hidden dangers to driving safety; for the section of the point rail below 20mm, the impact strength of the point rail is low. If the side wear exceeds the limit, The risk of tongue rail breakage increases sharply, so attention must be paid to the drop value of the tongue rail and the amount of side wear.

2 Measuring standard of drop value of switch rail
2.1. Determine the measurement location
The measurement position is determined according to the longitudinal distance from each section of the switch rail of different drawing numbers to the tip of the switch rail, and the actual section width of the switch rail cannot be used as the measurement position. After the measurement position is determined, make a measurement mark on the outside of the head of the corresponding basic rail (same as the mark of the support point), and mark the lowering value on the outside of the belly of the basic rail (same as the mark of the support point), and then use a square ruler to mark it on the other basic rail. Find the corresponding location and mark it.

Fig.1 The position measurement map of each section of the switch rail

Figure 2 Mark the position of another strand with a distance ruler

Figure 3 Marking diagram of the position of each section of the switch rail

2.2. Measurement of the lowering value of the switch rail
The lowering value of the tongue rail is divided into the lowering value of the straight tongue rail and the lowering value of the curved tongue rail. It is measured by the measuring ruler of the falling value of the tongue rail. When there is no measuring ruler for the drop value of the point rail, a simple method can be used to measure it. Pull a string horizontally between the centers of the two basic rails, and use a ruler to measure the distance between the string and the highest point of the point rail, which is the drop value. Straight point rail and The curved point rails can be measured simultaneously. If the point rail with a 20mm cross-section is higher than the basic rail, then measure with a 10mm module on the top surface of the two basic rails (similar to measuring height). Due to the error of the simple method itself, the reading should be as accurate as possible when measuring, and the reading below the string should be read with the eyes straight. The ruler must use a steel ruler, and the use of wooden folding rules and tape measures is strictly prohibited.

3 Measurement of point rail side grinding
3.1 Determine the measurement location
The position of each section of the above-mentioned switch rail has been determined. The position mentioned here refers to the upper and lower positions of the switch rail section. The method is the same as the measurement method of the drop value of the switch rail. Use a steel ruler to measure 16mm below the string line, corresponding to the upper and lower positions of the switch rail, and measure with a vernier caliper. When there is no vernier caliper, use a steel ruler to look down and read the horizontal thickness of the switch rail at the measurement position.

Fig.5 Thickness measurement diagram of each section of the switch rail

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